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| The stages of Stress |
According to Selye, the stress response or general irritation syndrome is divided into three stages.
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| Resistance Stage |
The first stage: Alarm
This stage is characterized by specific characteristics of the subject when exposed to stressors, such as:
- The psychological activities are stimulated, especially the process of focusing attention, enhancing the process of remembering and thinking.
- The physiological functions of the body such as hypertension, increased heart rate, breathing and muscle tone.
This stage can be very fast or lasts several hours, several days ... The subject may die during this period, if the stress factor is too strong. If it survives, the reaction switches to the adaptive phase.
The second stage: Resistance
In this stage, all adaptive mechanisms are motivated to support and regulate the disorder. As the body's resistance grows, people can master the stressful situation, restore homeostasis and create a new balance with the environment. This stage is also known as the support phase.
In a normal stressful situation, the subject responds with a period of alert and support phase.
If the support phase progresses well, the physiological and physiological functions of the body are restored. If the body's adaptive capacity declines, the recovery process does not occur and the body moves to a depletion stage.
The third stage: Exhaustion
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| Exhaustion Stage |
Stress response becomes pathological when stressful or sudden or intense, or vice versa, is familiar but repeated, beyond the subject's ability to mediate. In the exhaustion phase, the psychological changes, physiological effects of the reappearance phase, either acute or temporary, are either milder or prolonged. Divide pathological stress into two stages as follows:
Acute acute illness
Stressors are unpredictable situations. The condition of acute pathological stress is divided into two categories
Instantaneous emotional reactions occur instantaneously. Acute medical conditions of this type are characterized by excessive excitement
Psychological and physical level. The specific manifestations of this state are: muscle tone, neurological disorders, increased sensory response, mental disorders manifested mainly in poor ability to concentrate thoughts , Anxiety state, mild agitation.
This type of acute stress response lasts from a few minutes to several hours, and then fades, depending on the nature and progression of the condition. Faintness is more pronounced when it is present to another person, making the subject reassured and relieved.
- Acute emotional reactions, slow to occur.
The disorder appears to be slow. The subject seems to endure and cope with the stressful situation. But they also realize that they have been exposed to stressful situations.
The body continues to prop up, but only produces an unstable balance that lasts for hours or seconds. Then suddenly an acute reaction occurs, which occurs slowly. Its manifestation and progression as well as acute emotional reactions are instantaneous. This proves that the subject is no longer able to meddle with psychological stress. The subject loses and decays slowly.
Stressful illness lasts
- The formation of prolonged pathological stress: Usually formed from the familiar situation, repeated as in the case of conflict, unsatisfactory, or encounter the distractions in daily life ...
Sometimes formed from situations of sudden and violent stress after an acute and irreversible reaction or after a series of transient acute reactions.
- Expression of prolonged pathological stress
+ Expressions of psychological change, mental: easy to get angry, have feelings of discomfort, tension
Straightforward psychology, intellectual exhaustion, sleep disorders ...
Body manifestations: Prolonged weakness, palpitations, pain in the area of the front of the heart, blood
Unstable volatiles, headaches, headache ...
+ Expressions of behavior: Can inhibit or stimulate the behavior of people. Adaptive dysfunction of behavior is manifested in behavioral disorders.
Depression status: When stressful situations persist, the person who is sick is exposed
The state of anxiety lasts and limits their normal activities
In short, when people are in stressful situations, people have a stress response, or adaptive normal stress response, or pathological stress. We need to pay attention to the psychological, physical and behavioral changes that have acute or persistent pathological stress.
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