Talking about adolescence, it is well known that this is a stage in which children are psychologically and physically developing. In boys and girls, emotional and psychological development have similarities but of course there are some differences.
Early teens (10-13 years old)
Psychologically and emotionally, they are aware that they are no longer children and that they are beginning to have abstract thoughts and actions to try and discover new things in life. They are often concerned with the changes as well as development of the body, especially the girls who are more anxious, disturbed and sad about their body's weaknesses compared to their peers. They also start to care for their friends, wanting to leave the protection of their parents, yet they are still too young and inexperienced to be dependent on their parents and family.
Early Adolescence (14-16 years)
At this age, children develop their independence and want to move away from the control of their family, to thrive and to find friends. The need for friendship becomes important and pleasant. At this age, they are quite psychologically sensitive and their moods change like the weather.
They will continue to thrive on abstract thinking, but they often change their emotions easily, they are happy one second and they are sad the next. When they want something, they want to meet their needs immediately and act in spite of the consequences, while they have not yet developed enough self-criticism. At this age, they also want to know about sexual activities and their ability.
Late adolescents (17-19 years)
At this age, the systems and functions of the organs are almost complete. In psychological and emotional sides, they have a way of thinking and behaving quite mature like adults. They think about plans for the future and career choices in a more realistic way. The influence of groups of friends diminishes, they often choose friends with more specified criteria so that they can stay together in harmony (soul-mates, loyal friends). Love in this age group is more realistic, they differentiate friendship from love, not as vague as previous years.
Above are the main features of the psychological and emotional development of adolescent groups. That development will vary with individual characteristics and depends not only on the environment of adolescence at home but also at school and in society. It can be said that the way of life and behaviors of parents, teachers and especially of peers will have a great influence on the psychological and emotional formation and development.
A prominent and popular feature is that in adolescence, they have to go through many psychological crisises to varying degrees. Some of them overcome obstacles as easily as no problem. However, there are children who suffer from severe psychological crisis, affecting their health, education, work, friendship, family life and school life. There are even cases when children have serious depression, come to the point of death to get rid of the deadlock that they do not understand where it came from. To help them overcome this difficult age, parents and teachers need to learn how to deal with them, giving them the confidence so that they can share their concerns, and lead them to right way, avoiding unrecoverable losses.
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